Maladie à virus Ebola (souche Bundibugyo)

Microb Genom. 2026 Jun;12(6). doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.001754.ABSTRACTCentral Africa is currently experiencing its third recorded outbreak of Bundibugyo virus, one of three orthoebolaviruses capable of causing lethal haemorrhagic fevers in humans with person-to-person transmission. The first genomes from this outbreak have been made available, creating an opportunity to reflect on the role of genomics in previous ebolavirus outbreaks, the costs associated with genome sequencing and how they can be reduced, and future uses of genomic data for public health benefit.PMID:42246951 | DOI:10.1099/mgen.0.001754

Lancet. 2026 Jun 6;407(10545):2263. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01100-1.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42242244 | DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01100-1

medRxiv [Preprint]. 2026 May 28:2026.05.27.26354223. doi: 10.64898/2026.05.27.26354223.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: The ongoing Bundibugyo virus disease (BDBV) outbreak in Central Africa highlights the absence of approved vaccines specifically targeting BDBV. Whether licensed Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) vaccines induce cross-reactive immunity against BDBV remains largely unknown.METHODS: We performed an immunogenicity analysis using serum samples from participants enrolled in the PREVAC randomized clinical trial evaluating licensed Ebola vaccine strategies in West Africa. Samples collected at day 28 (D28) and month 3 (M3) following vaccination with rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP or Ad26.ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo were assessed using a multiplex Luminex assay against glycoproteins from multiple filoviruses, including EBOV Kikwit, EBOV Mayinga, BDBV, Sudan virus, Reston virus, and Marburg virus.RESULTS: A total of 179 samples were analysed. Detectable cross-reactive antibody responses against BDBV were observed across vaccine groups, timepoints, and age categories. However, BDBV responses remained substantially lower than homologous EBOV responses. In rVSV recipients, median BDBV responses (net MFI) reached 282 (IQR 164-644) at D28 compared with 1788 (832-3311) against the homologous Kikwit antigen. Similar patterns were observed following rVSV booster vaccination and Ad26.ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo vaccination. The heterologous Ad26/MVA regimen demonstrated increasing BDBV responses between D28 and M3.CONCLUSIONS: Licensed EBOV vaccines induced detectable but quantitatively reduced cross-reactive antibody responses against BDBV. Although no direct assessment of vaccine efficacy against BDBV disease was possible, these findings support the plausibility of partial heterologous immunity following EBOV vaccination. In the absence of approved BDBV-specific vaccines, these data support the urgent evaluation of currently available Ebola vaccines during BDBV outbreaks and reinforce the importance of developing broadly protective pan-filovirus vaccines.PMID:42245043 | PMC:PMC13232361 | DOI:10.64898/2026.05.27.26354223

Res Sq [Preprint]. 2026 May 26:rs.3.rs-9601480. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9601480/v1.ABSTRACTSince finding that long-term persistence of ebolavirus RNA exists in a subset of human survivors for up to 5 years post infection in several organs, viral reactivation has been implicated in recurrence of acute disease among ebolavirus disease survivors and linked to small disease outbreaks. Thus, identifying correlates of ebolavirus persistence are critical to the long-term care of survivors and outbreak management. We analyzed the humoral immune response using a comprehensive systems serology approach in 86 the 87 survivors (98.8%) of the 2022-2023 Sudan ebolavirus (SUDV) outbreak in Uganda. Across the survivors, 55% of eligible survivors (20 of 36 survivors) were found to have persistence of viral RNA in either semen or breastmilk for up to 6 months following initial infection, whereas the remaining 45% tested negative (16 of 36 survivors). We found an elevated, unique, and sustained humoral immune signature associated with persistence of viral RNA in SUDV survivors and specifically have identified 4 humoral immune features that together predicted persistence: glycoprotein-specific antibody dependent cellular phagocytosis [ADCP], nucleoprotein-specific IgG2, nucleoprotein-specific IgA1, and VP40-specific IgM. Moreover, analysis of the 4 features in the remaining 50 SUDV survivors who were ineligible for semen or breastmilk sampling, predicted an additional 17 survivors with humoral immune responses consistent with viral RNA persistence survivors. We also find that antibodies against the VP40 (matrix protein), were associated with faster clearance of persistent viral RNA. Thus, a subset of humoral immune responses could be important for monitoring and clearing viral persistence in ebolavirus disease survivors.PMID:42245776 | PMC:PMC13232441 | DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9601480/v1

Lancet. 2026 Jun 4:S0140-6736(26)01044-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01044-5. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42242266 | DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01044-5

Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2026 Jun 4. doi: 10.1038/d41573-026-00094-6. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42243558 | DOI:10.1038/d41573-026-00094-6

Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 29:108843. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108843. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42217747 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108843

Lancet. 2026 May 29:S0140-6736(26)01043-3. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01043-3. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42214393 | DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01043-3

BMJ. 2026 May 29;393:e166095. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2026-166095.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42215033 | DOI:10.1136/bmj-2026-166095

Nature. 2026 May 22. doi: 10.1038/d41586-026-01679-2. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42225801 | DOI:10.1038/d41586-026-01679-2

Lancet Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 1:S1473-3099(26)00288-4. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00288-4. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42225115 | DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00288-4